The intent of a satellite TV antenna is to receive signal from a satellite(s) circling the Earth in a geosynchronous orbit, approximately 19,000 nautical miles above the earth's surface. Most satellite TV antennas receive signal for the purposes of providing programming from DirecTV or DISH Network. This article will break down the parts of the antenna and how they successfully work together.

A satellite TV antenna consists of a Parabolic Reflector, LNBF, Foot, Mast, LNBF Arm. The satellite TV antenna has 3 functions, when used properly. It must first be correctly pointed and peaked to the desired satellite to receive the signal. Secondly, it must amplify the signal that it receives. If you remember above, that signal lost strength during the ~20,000 mile trip to reach the satellite antenna. Lastly, it must convert and redistribute the signal. The satellite antenna will take the amplified signal and convert the frequency and redistribute it to the necessary receiver(s).

Parabolic Reflector. The parabolic reflector receives, reflects and focuses the signal into a narrow beam toward the LNBF. The parabolic reflector is typically made of stamped metal and powder coated for protection from the elements. Some larger satellite antennas are molded from fiberglass because of their light weight and durability. The parabolic characteristics must be precise to perform this function because today’s satellite TV antennas are extremely small with little room for error.

LNBF. An LNBF is an LNB with an integrated feedhorn. LNB is an acronym for Low Noise Block. An LNB is an amplifier which receives signal from the parabolic reflector, converts it to a frequency necessary for the receiver to translate, and redistributes the signal to the receiver(s).

Foot. The foot is the part of the antenna which allows the satellite TV antenna to be mounted to a flat surface such as a roof or the side of a house/building. The foot is cast from metal and usually contains 4 holes for securing the antenna to the flat surface using lag screws/bolts.

Mast. The mast connects the foot and the head assembly. It is a “tube-like” extruded piece also powder coated for protection from the elements. The length, diameter, wall thickness, and shape of the mast are determined by the size, shape and weight of the head assembly.

LNBF Arm. The LNBF Arm holds the LNBF and the parabolic reflector at just the right spot to properly receive and redistribute the signal. The LNBF Arm also connects to the mast for a secure fit.